What are alveoli?

Alveoli are tiny air sacs located in the lungs that play a crucial role in the respiratory system. They are the sites where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs. Each alveolus is surrounded by capillaries, which are tiny blood vessels that facilitate the transfer of gases between the air in the alveoli and the blood. As we inhale, oxygen enters the alveoli and then diffuses into the blood, while carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, moves from the blood into the alveoli to be exhaled. This process is essential for maintaining the body's oxygen levels and removing carbon dioxide, making alveoli vital for effective respiration.